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Kıtada olay sayısının düşüklüğü bilim insanlarını şaşırtıyor: İhtimaller neler? - HAKANSEYHAN
Koronavirüsle savaşım için kaynakları ABD ve Avrupa’ya bakılırsa oldukça yetersiz olan Afrika’dan bildirilen koronavirüs olay sayıları bilim insanlarını şaşırtıyor. Peki, bu durumun sebebi ne olabilir? İşte ihtimaller
Bilim adamları Afrika’daki koronavirüs olay sayısının azlığını garip buluyor.
Afrika, pandemi ile savaşmak için Avrupa ve ABD’deki imkanlara, aşılara, kaynaklara haiz değil sadece açıklanan sayılara bakılırsa bir halde daha iyi durumda. Her ne kadar kıtada Covid-19’dan şimdiye kadar tam olarak kaç kişinin öldüğü bilinmese de Afrika’nın birçok ülkesinde daha evvel tahmin edilen bir yıkım senaristliği gerçekleşmiş değil.
DW’nin aktardığı habere bakılırsa mesela Zimbabve’de koronavirüs çoktan geçmişte kalmış bir olgu olarak algılanıyor. Zimbabve Sıhhat Bakanlığı’nın son açıklamış olduğu verilere bakılırsa 22 Kasım tarihinde 27 yeni olay görülen ülkede ölüm sayısı sıfır oldu.
DÜZENSİZ İZLEME NEDENİYLE SAĞLIKLI VERİLERE ULAŞMAK ZOR Gene habere bakılırsa Afrika vatanlarında doğru olay sayılarına ulaşmak tertipli seyretme olmadığı için zor görünüyor. Sadece Columbia Üniversitesi Genel Sıhhat Kürsüsü Profesörü Wafaa El-Sadr Afrika’da bilim adamlarının kafasını karıştıran “esrarengiz” bir durumun bulunduğunu söylüyor.
Afrika’da aşılananların oranı yüzde 6’dan azca. Buna karşılık Dünya Sıhhat Örgütü’nün haftalık yayınladığı pandemi raporlarında Afrika aylardır “dünyanın minimum etkilenen bölgeleri” içinde yer ediniyor.
BU DURUMUN NEDENİ NE OLABİLİR? Bilim adamlarının bazı tahminleri var:
Afrika’nın genç bir nüfusa haiz olması. Şu sebeple mesela Batı Avrupa’da 43 olan yaş averajı Afrika’da yalnız 20. Kentleşme oranının düşüklüğü ve daha çok dışarıda zaman geçirme. Bazı araştırmalar ise geçirilen parazit hastalıkların virüsün yayılmasını frenlemiş olabileceği ihtimalini inceliyor. Liderlerin süratli karar alması da bir etken olabilir. Mesela Mali’nin Kovid-19 ülkeye ulaşmadan sınırları kapatma sonucu almış olması. Profesörü Devi Sridhar, “Sanırım, Afrika’da değişik bir kültürel yaklaşım var, bu ülkeler Covid’e bir tür tevazuyla yaklaştılar bundan dolayı ebola, çocuk felci ve sıtmayı yaşadılar” diyor. SITMANIN KORUYUCU ETKİSİ OLABİLİR Mİ? Habere bakılırsa Uganda’da geçen hafta meydana getirilen bir araştırmada daha ilkin sıtmaya yakalanmış Covid-19 hastalarının hastalığı ağır geçirmediği ve bu kişilerde ölüm oranının düşük olduğu tespit edildi. Sıtma Konsorsiyumu danışmanlarından Jane Achan “Bu projeye sıtma enfeksiyonu geçmişi olan insanlarda negatif sonuçların oranının daha yüksek olacağını düşünerek başladık. Şu sebeple hem sıtmaya hem ebolaya yakalanan hastalarda durum buydu. Tersini, kısaca sıtmanın koruyucu bir tesiri olabileceğini gördüğümüz için aslına bakarsak oldukça şaşkınız. Sıtma Covid-19’a yakalanan insanların bağışıklık sisteminin aşırı yüklenmesini “köreltici” bir tesir yaratmış olabilir” dedi.
Dünya Sıhhat Örgütü verilerine bakılırsa dünya genelinde ölümlerin yüzde 46’sı ABD kıtasında, yüzde 29’u Avrupa’da olurken Afrika’nın oranı yalnız yüzde 3.
NİJERYA ŞUBATA KADAR NÜFUSUN YARISINI AŞILAMIŞ OLMAK İSTİYOR Afrika’nın nüfusu en yüksek ülkesi olan 200 milyonluk Nijerya’da hükümetin açıklamış olduğu ölüm sayısı ortalama 3 bin. Yetkililer şubat ayına kadar nüfusun yarısını aşılamış olmak istiyor.
Başa dön tuşu