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Hiçbir Kara Parçasına Kıyısı Olmayan Deniz: Sargasso - HAKANSEYHAN
Dünyanın en gizemli denizlerinden olan Sargasso Denizi’ni daha ilkin asla duydunuz mu? Atlas Okyanusu’nun içinde bulunan bu denizin hiçbir kara parçasına kıyısı bulunmuyor. Hadi gelin, bu enteresan denizi tanıyalım.
Herhangi bir kara sınırı olmayan deniz olur mu? Pek fazlaca kişinin bilmemesine karşın Atlas Okyanusu ‘nun ortasında bu şekilde bir deniz bulunuyor. Balıklar, deniz kaplumbağaları, kuşlar, memeliler ve daha pek fazlaca canlıya ev sahipliği meydana getiren verimli bir ekosisteme haiz Sargasso Denizi’nin bilinmeyenlerini anlatacağız.
Bugün sizlere okyanusun ortasında bulunan ve adını yüzeyinde özgür bir halde yüzen yosunlardan alan Sargasso Denizi ‘nden bahsedeceğiz.
Sargasso Denizi nerede bulunuyor ve boyutları ne?
Sargasso Denizi, Atlas Okyanusu’nun içinde yer edinen bir okyanus akıntı dairesi. Bu denizin batısında Körfez Akıntısı, doğusunda Kanarya Akıntısı, kuzeyinde Şimal Atlantik Akıntısı ve güneyinde Şimal Atlantik Ekvator Akıntısı bulunuyor.
Her ne kadar bir karaya sınırı olmasa da son aşama geniş bir yüz ölçümüne haiz bu deniz. Sargasso Denizi’nin 1100 km genişliği, 3200 km uzunluğu bulunuyor. Ek olarak derinliğinin 1500 metre ile 7000 metre içinde değişmiş olduğu biliniyor.
Bu sayıları daha iyi idrak etmek için ülkemizin batısında yer edinen Ege Deniz i’nin yüz ölçümüne bakalım. Ege Denizi’nin uzunluğu 670 km, genişliği ise 390 kilometre. Ek olarak averaj derinliği 1500 metre olan Ege Denizi’nin en derin yeri ise 3639 metre. Bu kıyaslamaya bakacak olursak Sargasso Denizi’nin bir fazlaca büyük bulunduğunu görüyoruz.
Sargasso Denizi’ni hususi kılan şey ne?
Sargasso Denizi’ni en hususi kılan şey yüzeyde toplu bir halde yüzen sargossum eşeysel deniz yosunları olarak gösterilebilir. Nakliye gemileri için bir tehdit olmayan bu yosunlar vejetatif olarak çoğalır ve deniz yüzeyinde serbestçe yüzerler.
Sargasso Denizi’nin canlı çeşitliliği nasıl?
Okyanuslarda sayısız deniz canlısı olduğu düşünülse de bilhassa açık sularda canlı yaşamı kıyıya oranla fazlaca azdır. Sargasso Denizi ise açık deniz olmasına karşın canlı çeşitliliği yönünden son aşama verimli bir bölge. Kaplumbağalar, yavruların yiyecek ve barınak ihtiyacı için yüzeydeki sargassum yosunlarını kullanır.
Bununla beraber karides, yengeç, balık ve bu yüzey yosunlarına uyum elde etmiş pek fazlaca öteki deniz canlısına da ev sahipliği meydana getiren Sargasso, nesli tükenmekte olan yılan balıklarıyla beraber beyaz merlin, Porbeagle köpekbalığı, yunus benzer biçimde canlılara ev sahipliği yapar. Bu canlılardan bazıları Sargasso’yu yumurtlama mevsiminde ziyaret ederler.
İLGİLİ HABER
Hazar, Bir Deniz mi Yoksa Göl mü? İşte İlkokuldan Beri Kafa Karıştıran Bu Probleminin Kati Cevabı… Sargasso Denizi’ne her yıl kambur balinalar da göç eder. Bunlarla beraber ticari balıkçılığın gözbebeği olan ton balıkları da Sargasso Denizi’ne göç ederler.
Sargasso Denizi’nin sınırları nasıl tanımlanıyor?
Dünyadaki tüm denizlerin en azından bir kısmı kara sınırıyla belirleniyorken Sargasso Denizi’nin sınırları akıntıyla tanımlanmış durumda.
İLGİLİ HABER
%98’i Buzlarla Kaplı Olan Antartika’da Deniz Buzu Alanı ‘Üstün dereceli Seviyede’ Azaldı: Peki Bu Düşüşün Neticeleri Neler? İnsanlardan bu kadar izole olan Sargasso’da kirlilik ne düzeyde?
Her ne kadar bir kara sınırı olmasa da yüzey akımları bulunan Sargasso Denizi, yüksek oranda plastik atığın birikmesi sebebiyle her geçen güç kirlenmeye devam ediyor. Hatta denizin yüzeyinde büyük bir çöp bölgesi bulunuyor. Buna Şimal Atlantik çöp yaması deniyor. Bazı ülke ve sivil cemiyet örgütleri Sargasso Denizi’ni korumak için birleşti. 11 Mart 2014’te Sargasso Deniz Komisyonu’nu kuran bu komisyon denizin temizlenmesi ve ekolojinin bozulmaması için çabalıyor.
Sargasso Denizi’nde meydana getirilen çalışmalarda plastikleri tüketen bakteri türleri bulunmuş oldu , sadece bu bakterilerin plastikleri başka bir ekolojik alana aktarıp aktarmadığı tam olarak bilinmiyor.
Bugün sizlere bir çok kişinin varlığından bile haberdar olmadığı hiçbir kara parçasına kıyısı olmayan Sargasso Denizi’ni aktardık. Bu biçim içeriklerin devamının gelmesini istiyorsanız bizlere yorumlar kısmında yazabilirsiniz.
Kaynaklar: National Ocean Service, Britannica, American Oceans
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