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Neden Bir çok Evcil Kedi Beyaz Patilidir? - HAKANSEYHAN
Genel anlamda bir çok ev kedisinin ayakları beyazdır. Kedi beslemeyenler bir ihtimal daha ilkin asla dikkat etmemiş olabilir sadece garip halde bu kediler, öteki kedilere nazaran daha oldukça beyaz patiye haiz oluyor. Peki bunun sebebi tam olarak ne olabilir?
Evcil kedilerin büyük oranda ayaklarının beyaz olmasının genetik açıdan bazı sebepleri bulunduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
Aslına bakarsak bu durum yalnız ev kedilerinde görülen bir durum değildir sadece insanoğlu bu şekilde görünen kedileri evcilleştirme mevzusunda tarih süresince devamlı daha istekli olmuştur. O süre gelin, bu mevzunun detaylarına inelim.
Aslına bakarsak kedilerin ayaklarının beyaz olması genetik bir mutasyon kaynaklıdır.
Bu durumun bilimsel adı alacalılık yada piebaldism’dir. Kedilerde bu durumun görülme sebebi; kedilerin derilerine, saçlarına, gözlerine ve kürklerine rengini veren melanosit adlı pigment hücrelerinin, kök hücre büyümesi için protein salgılayan KIT genindeki beklenmedik dağılımı sonucunda oluşan mutasyondur.
Bu genetik transformasyon (değişiklik) olmadığı süre melanosit adlı hücreler eşit dağılmış oluyor. Böylece kedinin vücudu tek renkte oluyor. KIT genindeki mutasyon ise bu hücrelerin eşit dağılmasını engellediği için kedinin gövdesindeki ayak şeklinde bazı bölümleri beyaz kalabiliyor. Esasen bu mutasyonlar birçok ev ve yaban hayvanlarında görülebilir.
Aslına bakarsak bu hayvanlardaki beyaz ayakların bu kadar göze batmasının sebebi, insanoğlu mutasyonlu kedileri evcilleştirmeyi tercih etmiş olduğu içindi.
Ortalama 10.000 yıl ilkin insanoğlu kedileri evcilleştirmeye başlamıştı. Büyük olasılıkla de bu canlıların ötekilerden daha güzel göründüklerini düşünmelerinden dolayı onları kendilerine evcil hayvan olarak seçtiler. Bu mevzuyla ilgili Missouri Üniversitesinde profesör olan Leslie Lyons, insanoğlu yerleşik yaşama geçtiklerinde artık tahıllarını ve çöplerini öteki kemirgenlere, haşere türlerine karşı korumaları gerekiyordu.
İşte araştırmacıya bakılırsa, onlar da kedileri evcilleştirerek istilacı türleri başlarından defetmek istediler. Profesör, kedilerin bakımı kolay olduğu ve amiyane tabirle kediler önüne ne koysanız yiyebilecek kapasitede oldukları için insanların onları tercih ettiğini düşünüyor.
Örneğin Avrasya ve Afrika’da yaşayan Felis silvestris türü yaban kedileri yırtıcıdır ve öteki yırtıcı türlerle savaşır. Bu canlıların yırtıcı doğada hayatta kalmaları için kendilerini kamufle etmeleri gerekiyor ve bundan dolayı kürkleri kamuflaj rengidir. Patileri de bu yüzden beyaz değildir. Velhasıl insanların onları evcil hayvan olarak tercih etmemeleri, bu yırtıcılıklarından geliyor olabilir. Doğrusu doğal yalnız kedi değil; beyaz renkteki at, domuz, inek ve fare şeklinde türleri de insanoğlu evcilleştirmiştir.
Kedilerin beyaz renkte bir uzvu olup olmayacağı aslen daha embriyo aşamasındayken belli oluyor.
Felis silvestris
Beyaz rengin oluşmasını elde eden sinir taç hücreleri ilkin kedinin sırtında toplanarak bedeninin aşağısına iniyor. Böylece vücudun geneline bu renk yayılmış oluyor. Hücrelerin yayılımına bakılırsa rengin toplandığı yer değişebiliyor. Örneğin bu hücreler, vücudun ön tarafına oldukça fazla yayıldıklarında kedinin kürkü tek bir renk oluyor. Fakat hücreler tek bir yanda yeterince toplaşmadığında beyaz ayaklı, göbekli, yüzlü yada göğüslü bir kedi meydana gelebiliyor.
Norveç orman kedisi
Genetik faktörler kedilerin tüy renklerinde mühim bir etkendir. Örneğin siyam kedilerinin renkleri ısı kaynaklı melanin (suda erimeyen ve çoğunlukla kahverengi -sarı renklerde olan kimi zaman de fazla yoğunlaştığı bölgelerde siyah renkli bir pigment) üretiminin baskılanmasından kaynaklanıyor. Bir başka örnek: Kedilerin turuncu renkte olmasını elde eden MC1R geni, Norveç orman kedisinde, öteki turuncu kedilerde olduğundan daha hususi halde mevcuttur. Bundan dolayı bu canlı büyümüş olduğu süre altın rengine bürünmeye adım atar. Oldukça garip değil mi? Sizin kediniz de beyaz patili mi?
Kaynaklar: Science Focus, Ungo, Live Science, Cattitude Daily, Love Meow, Tabiat Bilim, Patigen
İLGİLİ HABER
Güvercin ve Tavuk Şeklinde Bazı Kuş Türleri Neden Başlarını Öne Sallayarak Yürür?
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