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Zihinsel Süre Yolculuğu Yapılmasını Elde eden Hücreler - HAKANSEYHAN
Ara sıra yaşadığınız bir vakası kafanızda tekrardan canlandırmış ve neredeyse o ana geri gittiğinizi hissetmişsinizdir. Travmaya sebep olan bir vakası yada sizi oldukca mutlu eden bir armağan aldığınız anı kafanızda yeniden canlandırdığınızda bir nevi zihninizde süre yolculuğu yapmış olmuş olursunuz. Meydana getirilen yeni bir araştırma, bu süreçte beyinde neler gerçekleştiğini gözler önüne seriyor.
Ara sıra geçmişte yaşadıklarımızı düşünür ve kafamızda yorumlarız . Bu sayede gerçekleştirdiğimiz eylemlerin ortaya çıkardığı neticeleri gözden geçirir, gelecekte o eylemleri gerçekleştirdiğimizde ortaya çıkacak olası sonuçlar hakkında düşünce sahibi oluruz. Bu da kişinin geçmişten ders alıp geleceği ona nazaran kurmasını mevzu alan sözlerin çıkış noktası olarak karşımıza çıkar.
Ortaya koyulan yeni bir araştırma, zihnimizde geçmişe gitme sürecimizde beyinde neler gerçekleştirdiğini açığa çıkarıyor. Meydana getirilen araştırmaya nazaran beynin hipokampus kısmı, vakaları süre sırasına nazaran hatırlamada kilit bir rol oynuyor. İşte araştırmanın öne çıkan bilgileri:
Her şey beyinde gerçekleşiyor:
Sinirbilimci Leila Reddy önderliğinde çalışmalarını yürüten araştırmacılar, belli bir süre diliminin beyinde iyi mi kodlandığını bulmayı amaçlıyordu. Reddy, başta yaptıkları çalışmalarda beynin bellek merkezi olarak bildiğimiz hipokampusun kilit bir rol oynadığını gördüklerini belirtiyor.
Hipokampus, belli vakaları kronolojik sıraya nazaran hatırlamada bu denli mühim olduğundan, hasar aldığında bellek mevzusunda problemler yaşanıyor. Meydana getirilen deneylerde 2 aşamalı, uygulama temelli görevler kullanıldı. Bu uygulamalar esnasında beyin aktivitesinin izlenebilmesi gerektiğinden Reddy’nin ekibi, sıhhat sebebiyle implant kullanan epilepsi hastalarını çalışmaya çağrı etti.
İlk aşamada araştırmacılar, hastaların dokuzuna; çiçek , kuş ve Obama şeklinde değişik şeyler içeren birkaç fotoğraf gösterdi. Fotoğraflar aynı sırayla yeniden gösterilirken hastalara bir sonraki fotoğraf soruldu ve bu sırada beyin aktiviteleri incelendi. Bu sayede belirli zamanlarda beyindeki süre hücrelerinin hususi olarak yoğun çalmış olduğu ortaya çıktı.
İkinci aşamada ise 6 hasta bulunuyor. Bu hastalara da aynı şekilde fotoğraflar yayınlandı ve ilkinden değişik olarak, bir sonraki fotoğrafı beklemeleri gerekeceğini evvelde öğrendiler. Bu sefer fotoğraflar yayınlandı ve bazen 10 saniyelik aralar verildi. Bu aralarda beyin aktiviteleri izlenen hastaların da etrafta tetikleyici herhangi bir dış etken olmamasına karşın, süre hücrelerinin ilkinde olduğu şeklinde tam kapasite çalmış olduğu görüldü.
İLGİLİ HABER
Hep Bardağın Dolu Tarafını Gören İyimser Biri Olmak Beyninizi Iyi mi Etkisinde bırakır? Bunlara ek olarak Reddy, nöronların tamamına bakıldığında hastanın hangi süre aralığında bulunduğunun anlaşılabildiğini söylemiş oldu. Değişik süre hücrelerinin uzun ya da kısa anıları tutup tutmuyor olması yada süre hücrelerinin değişik durumlara uyum sağlayıp sağlayamaması şeklinde sorular varlığını sürdürüyor olsa da araştırmacılar bir sonraki hedeflerinin bu sorulara çözüm bulmak bulunduğunu belirtiyor. Araştırmanın tamamına buradan ulaşabilirsiniz.
Kaynak :
https://www.vice.com/en/article/7kvwm9/scientists-discover-time-cells-in-the-brain-that-enable-mental-time-travel
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