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Plastik sanayicilerinden ham madde tutarları ile ilgili vurgunculuk uyarısı - HAKANSEYHAN
Türk Plastik Sanayicileri Araştırma Geliştirme ve Eğitim Vakfı (PAGEV) Başkanı Yavuz Eroğlu, plastik sektöründe ham madde fiyatlarındaki zamların perde arkasında arzı kısan petrokimya şirketlerinin bulunduğunu belirterek, “Çin’deki yeni petrokimya tesislerinin, 2021 yılı 6. ay itibariyle devreye girişiyle Çin’in polipropilen ham maddesi ithalatının yüzde 57 düşeceğini biliyoruz. Çinli meslektaşlarımız, dünyadaki en büyük ikinci hammadde ithalatçısı olan Türk plastik sanayiden beraber hareket etme yönünde talepte bulundular.” diye konuştu.
Eroğlu, AA muhabirinin plastik sektöründe yaşanmış olan ham madde krizine ilişkin sorularını yanıtladı.
Çin’de 2021 senesinde devreye yeni girecek polipropilen tesisleriyle mevcut kapasiteye yüzde 15 daha üretim kapasitesi ekleneceğini vurgulayan Eroğlu, “Bu durumdan artan hammadde arzıyla beraber fiyatlar aşağıya inecek. 2021 altıncı ayına kadar devreye girmesi beklenen yeni petrokimya tesisleriyle birçok ana plastik hammaddesinde arz fazlası oluşması ön görülüyor. Dünyanın en büyük iki hammadde ithalatçısı olan Çin ve Türkiye’nin beraber hareket edip, alım enerjisini kullanımı halinde hammadde fiyatlarının, geçmiş yıllarda yaşanmış olan bu tür spekülatif fiyat balonlarının söndüğü benzer biçimde şimdi de 1-2 ayda yüzde 100’lük düşüş yaşayabileceği beklentisi var.” ifadelerini kullandı.
Spekülatif tutarları kırmak için alım gücü eş güdümlü kullanılmalı Eroğlu, fiyatlar daha da uçacak spekülasyonu ile yeni hammadde alınmaması icap ettiğini kaydederek şunları söylemiş oldu:
“PAGEV olarak iyi mi Avrupa’daki Plastik Mamul Üreticileri Birliği (EUPC) ile iş birliği yapıyorsak, Çin’deki meslek odaları ve üreticilerle de görüşüyoruz. Çinli meslektaşlarımız, hammaddedeki astronomik fiyatlara direneceklerini ifade ediyorlar. Dolayısıyla bizim de Türkiye’deki üreticiler olarak stoklarımızı minimum düzeyde tutmamız gerekiyor. Dünyanın toplam hammadde ithalatının yarısı Çin ve Türkiye’ye ilişkin. Bir başka değişle bu iki ülke birlik olunca piyasalara tesir edecek güce sahipler. Çin, dünyadaki en büyük plastik mamul üreticisi. Türkiye ise altıncı en büyük üretici. Ülkemiz, Avrupa’da ise Almanya’dan sonrasında ikinci en büyük üretici. Dolayısıyla Çin ve Türkiye gereksinim duyulan plastik hammaddeleri yurt içindeki petrokimya tesislerinden almanın yanında ciddi oranda ithalatta yapıyorlar.”
“Hedefimiz hep beraber petrokimya kartellerinin altı boş, spekülatif fiyatlarını kırmak için alım gücümüzü eşgüdümlü kullanmaktır.” diyen Eroğlu şu şekilde devam etti:
“Çinli plastik mamul üreticileri, geçmiş yıllarda da kendi içlerinde birlik halinde hareket edip, bu tür yapay fiyat artışlarına başarıyla direnmişti. Şimdi iki büyük plastik hammadde kullanıcısı olarak güç birliği içinde bu oyunu bozacak, alım enerjisini organize edeceğiz. Çin’de plastik üreticileri hammadde fiyatlarını arttırmak isteyen petrokimya şirketlerine direneceklerini, stokları eleştiri seviyeye gelene kadar hammadde almayacaklarını, mümkün olan ürünlerde ise geri dönüşümden elde edilmiş hammaddeler kullanacaklarını, hatta bu mevzuda enflasyonla savaşım etmek isteyen merkezi yönetim ile de koordineli olarak savaşım edeceklerini bizlere bildirdiler.
Nitekim internasyonal kuruluşlardan da teyit ettiğimiz Çin’deki yeni petrokimya tesislerinin, 2021 yılı 6. ay itibariyle devreye girişiyle Çin’in polipropilen hammaddesi ithalatının yüzde 57 düşeceğini biliyoruz. Çinli meslektaşlarımız, dünyadaki en büyük ikinci hammadde ithalatçısı olan Türk plastik sanayiden beraber hareket etme yönünde talepte bulundular.”
Hammadde de yerli üretim mühim Plastik Sanayicileri Federasyonu (PLASFED) Başkanı Ömer Karadeniz ise hammadde de yerli üretimin gerekliliğini bir kez daha anladıklarını hatırlatarak, “Yurtiçi üretiminizin yetersiz olması arz güvenliğinizi dış etkenlere açık hale getirmek anlamına geliyor. Navlun fiyatlarının düşük seyrettiği dönemlerde bu probleminin niçin çözülmesi gerektiği oldukça iyi anlaşılamıyordu lakin mevcut durumda birçok pazarda rekabet halinde olduğumuz uzak doğu vatanlarında yerleşik üreticiler hammaddeye fiziki yakınlıkları sebebiyle ton başına 300-400 dolar daha düşük bir maliyetle çalışmaktalar. Bu şartlar ülkemiz sanayisinin rekabet enerjisini oldukça negatif yönde etkilemekte ve pazar kayıplarına sebep olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda orta ve uzun vadeli stratejilerle emekleri başlatılmış olan petrokimya tesislerinin hızla tamamlanması ve bunlara yenilerinin eklenmesi öncelenmelidir.” dedi.
Karadeniz sözlerini şu şekilde tamamladı:
“Kontratlı hammadde alımının yaygınlaşması icap ettiğini aktaran Karadeniz, “Plastik endüstrisinde işletmelerin kafi büyüklüğe haiz olmaması hammadde tedarikinde kontratlı alım yerine spot piyasadan alımın daha yaygın olmasına sebep oluyor. Arz şoku dönemlerinde hammadde üreticileri kontratlı alıcılarını önceledikleri için spot piyasaya giren hammadde miktarı oldukça daha kısıtlı oluyor ve fiyatlar kontratlı alımların oldukça üstünde seyrediyor. Bu kapsamda işletmelerimizin hem ana para hem insan deposu yapısını kuvvetlendirecek adımlar atılmalı ve kontratlı alımın ehemmiyeti iyi bir halde aktarılmalı.”
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