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Sürüdeki Tüm Karıncaların Ölmesiyle Sonuçlanan Ölüm Çemberi - HAKANSEYHAN
Karıncaların çılgınlar şeklinde etraflarında döndüğünü daha ilkin gördünüz mü? Bu dönüş sebebiyle açlıktan hayatlarını kaybeden karıncalar neden bu dönüşü gerçekleştiriyor olabilirler?
Karıncalar gerçek anlamda inanılmaz canlılar. Dünya üstünde yaşama en iyi adapte olmuş canlı türlerinden kabul edilen karıncalar dünyadaki tüm kara hayvanlarının biyokütlesinin ortalama yüzde 15 ila yüzde 25’ini oluşturuyor. Dünyanın neredeyse her yerinde yaşayabilen bu canlılar, tam anlamıyla uyum halinde yaşıyorlar. Normal olarak bu uyumun yarattığı bazı problemler da var . Daha ilkin asla karınca sürüsünün kendi çevresinde döndüğüne tanık oldunuz mu?
Eğer daha ilkin çevresinde dönen karınca sürülerini gördüyseniz muhtemelen bu karıncaların oldukca büyük bir kısmı siz onları izlemeyi bıraktıktan kısa süre sonrasında öldüler. Karıncaların kendi etraflarında döndükleri eyleme ölüm çemberi deniliyor. Zira bir karınca bir kere bu girdaba girdikten sonrasında buradan kurtulamıyor. Peki bunun sebebi ne? Bu kadar senkronize hareket eden karıncalar nasıl bu girdaba giriyor ve bundan kurtulmanın bir yolunu bulamıyor?
Ordu karıncalarının intihar yürüyüşü: Ölüm çemberi
Karıncalar ayrı vücutlara haiz olan sadece tek bir vücut şeklinde hareket eden canlılardır. Ordu karıncalarında ise bu durum oldukca daha efektif. Bu karıncalar, etrafta gezindikleri süreçte arkalarında feromon bırakırlar. Bu feromonlar yardımıyla sürüdeki öteki karıncalar yollarını bulabilir. Kraliçe karıncanın ürettiği yumurtaları koruyup sürüye devamlı yeni avlar getiren ordu karıncaları, “birlikten kuvvet doğar” deyiminin karşılığı olsalar da noksan oldukları bir nokta var. Bu da görme yetilerinin bulunmaması. Görme yetisi olan karıncalar bile daha oldukca feromon ve birbirlerine dokunma kanalıyla taraflarını buluyorlar.
Ordu karıncalarının başına gelen ölüm çemberi de bu birlik olma yapılarından geliyor. Bilhassa asker ordu karıncaları, kendi ailesindeki son karıncanın geride bıraktığı ize güvenir. Bu sayede devamlı birlik içinde olabilirler. Sadece 1 karınca hata yaparsa bu istemsizce öteki karıncalara da yansır. Hata icra eden karıncayı onun feromonuna tutulmuş başka karıncalar takip eder, o karıncaları ise öteki karıncalar. Bu da neredeyse tüm bir sürüyü yok edecek bir yön sapmasına sokar. Hepimiz öteki karıncayı takip etmiş olduğu için de ortaya bir çıkışı olmayan çember çıkar. Karıncaların bu girdaplardan da kurtulması pek kolay değil. Bir çok karınca bu çemberde hareket etmeye devam ederek bitkinlik ve açlıktan ölüyor. Sadece geriye kalanlar orada dönmeye devam ediyor. Çemberdeki tüm karıncalar ölene kadar bu yürüyüş devam ediyor.
İLGİLİ HABER
Bir Grup ‘Deli Karınca’, İstila Ettikleri Tabletten Kitap Sipariş Etti! [Video] Karıncaların ölüm çemberi inanılmaz boyutlara ulaşabilir.
Karıncaların ölüm çemberi ufak olabileceği şeklinde oldukca büyük boyutlara da ulaşabilir. Kaydedilen en büyük ölüm çemberi ortalama 365 metre genişliğindeydi. Bu çemberde tek bir karıncanın döngüyü tamamlaması 2 saatten fazla sürmüştü. Üstelik karıncaların bu yürüyüşe başlaması da oldukca kolay gerçekleşebiliyor. Bir tek birkaç karıncanın yönünü değişiklik yapmak, öteki karıncaları da etkiliyor. O sebeple siz karıncaların rotasını değiştirmeye oldukca fazla uğraşmayın.
Bugün sizlere karıncalarda gözlemlenen ve sonu genel anlamda ölümle biten ölüm çemberini açıkladık. Bu biçim içeriklerin devamının gelmesini istiyorsanız yorumlar kısmında bizimle paylaşabilirsiniz.
Kaynaklar: National Geographic, Grunge, Gizmodo
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